نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت اجرایی، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران.
چکیده
مشکلات صنعت هوانوردی ایران، تا حدود زیادی متأثر از محدودیت‌های خرید هواپیمای نو، موتور و قطعات یدکی از سال‌های قبل بوده است؛ مشکلات جدیدی به مشکلات قبلی اضافه شد که از جمله می‌توان به مسائلی چون عدم عدم امکان انتقال ارز حتی از طریق صرافی‌ها به عنوان دو نمونه از محدودیت‌های جدید اشاره کرد که ایرلاین‌های ایرانی را با هزینه‌های اضافی مواجه ساخت و معمولا دخل و خرج این شرکت‌ها یکسان نیست و درآمد هیچ پروازی خصوصاً در مسیرهای داخلی کفاف هزینه پرواز را نمی‌دهد. در این راستا شرکت های هواپیمایی اعم از ارائه دهنگان سرویس کامل(FSC ) و یا کم هزینه (LCC ) که به دنبال اتخاذ استراتژی های عملیاتی و خدماتی منحصر به فرد (همانند(ULH )) به عنوان شاخصی کلان در توسعه صنعت هواپیمایی هر کشور محسوب می شوند، هستند، زیرا علاوه بر افزایش تقاضای حمل و نقل هوایی و بهبود رقابت، آسیب کمتری از بحران های اقتصادی موثر بر صنعت هواپیمایی نیز متحمل گشته اند. در این مقاله سعی شده است با مروری بر مدلهای کسب و کار شرکتهای هواپیمایی و با توجه به موارد یاد شده به بررسی مزایا و معایب مدل کسب و کار کم هزینه پرداخته شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Describe Airline Business Models in The Aviation Industry
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahnaz Rabiei 1
- ilnaz khodamoradi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc., Department of Executive Management, Faculty of Management, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The problems of Iran's aviation industry have been largely due to restrictions on the purchase of new aircraft, engines and spare parts from previous years, but with the unremitting efforts of aviation industry activists, the industry has stood on its own two feet so far. In the last one or two years, new problems have been added to the previous ones, such as the impossibility of refueling at airports abroad and the impossibility of transferring currency even through exchange offices, as two examples of new restrictions that Iranian airlines Faced with additional costs and usually the income and expenses of these companies are not the same and the income of any flight, especially on domestic routes, does not cover the cost of the flight. In this regard, airlines, whether providing full service (FSC) or low-cost carrier (LCC) that seek to adopt unique operational and service strategies (such as (ULH)) as a major indicator in the development of the aviation industry of each country. They are considered, because in addition to increasing aviation demand and improving competition, they have also suffered less damage from the economic crises affecting the aviation industry. In addition to increasing aviation demand and improving competition, they have suffered less from the economic crises affecting the aviation industry. In this article, we have tried to review the advantages and disadvantages of low-cost business models by reviewing the business models of airlines and according to the mentioned cases.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Business Model
- Low-Cost Carrier
- Full-Service Carrier
- Strategy
- Airlines
حسینی، میرزا حسن (1389)، بررسی عوامل مؤثر در تدوین استراتژی شرکتهای هواپیمایی کم هزینه، به کوشش فاطمه شخصیان، پژوهشنامه ی مدیریت اجرایی علمی – پژوهشی
Alamdari, F. and Fagan, S. (2005) Impact of the adherence to the original low-cost model on the profitability of low-cost airlines. Transport Reviews 25(3), 377–392
Alderighi, M., Cento, A., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2004) The entry of low-cost airlines, tinbergen institute discussion paper 074/3.
Baumol, W. J. 1962. “On the Theory of the Expansion of the Firm.” American Economic Review 52:1078–87
Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., Barnhart, C., 2009. The Global Airline Industry. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, United Kingdom.
Botimer, T. C., & Belobaba, P. P. (1999). Airline pricing and fare product differentiation: a new theoretical framework. Journal of the Operational Research Society, Yield Management, 50(11), 1085–1097.
Casadesus-Masanell, R. and Ricart, J.E. (2011) ‘How to design a winning business model’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp.101–107.
- Gillen, A. Gados / Research in Transportation Economics 24 (2008) 25–35
Daft, J. and Albers, S. (2013) ‘A conceptual framework for measuring airline business model convergence’, Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol. 28, pp.47–54.
Flottau, J., 2013. The hybrid way. Aviat Week Space Technol. 175 (1), 33–34.
Gillen, D. (2006). The evolution and future of aviation in Canada: winners and losers in the new market reality. The Evolution and Future of Canadian Aviation, Draft Manuscript January. Sauder School, University of British Columbia and the Van Horne Institute, University of Calgary.
Gillen, D., Morrison, W. G., & Stewart, C. (2007). Air travel demand elasticities: concepts, issues and measurement. In D. Lee (Ed.), Advances in airline economics. The economics of airline institutions, operations and marketing, vol. 2. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Gillen, D., Morrison, W.G., 2005. Regulation, competition and network evolution in aviation. J. Air Transport. Manag. 11, 161–174.
Gillen, D., Morrison, W.G., 2005. Regulation, competition and network evolution in aviation. J. Air Transport. Manag. 11, 161–174.
Hedman, J. and Kalling, T. (2003) ‘The business model concept: theoretical underpinnings and empirical illustrations’, European Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp.49–59.
Heinz, S., O'Connell, J.F., 2013. Air transport in Africa: toward sustain
Holloway, S., 2008. Straight and Level - Practical Airline Economics, third ed. Ashgate Burlington. Osterwalder, A., 2004. The Business Model Onthology: a Proposition in a Design Science Approach. Université de Lausanne.
ITF (2002) ITF Survey: The Industrial Landscape of Low-Cost Carriers, London.
John G. Wensveen, Ryan Leick(2009), The long-haul low-cost carrier: A unique business model, Journal of Air Transport Management15,127-133
Joseph Amankwah-Amoah A, Zaheer Khan b,d, *, Ellis L.C. Osabutey (2021). COVID-19 and business renewal: Lessons and insights from the global airline industry, International Business Review/30/127-132
Kenneth Button A. (2012 )Low-Cost Airlines: A Failed Business Model?/ Transportation Journal ·/ University Professor Director of the Center for Transportation, Policy, Operations, and Logistics, and Director of the Aerospace Policy Research Center School of Public Policy George Mason University/March
LAURIE HUNTER (2006) Low Cost Airlines: Business Model and Employment Relations/, University of Glasgow/Management Focus/ Elsevier/ page315,316/European Management Journal Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 315–321, October 2006
Magretta, J. (2002) ‘Why business models matter’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 80, No. 5, pp.86–92.
Morris, M., Schindehutte, M., Allen, J., 2005. The entrepreneur’s business model: toward a unified perspective. Journal of Business Research 58, 726e735.
Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y. and Tucci, C.L. (2005) ‘Clarifying business models: origins, present, and future of the concept’, Communications of the Association for Information Science (CAIS), Vol. 16, No. 1, pp.1–25.
Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. New York: The Free Press.
Porter, M. E. 1985. Competitive Advantage; Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: Free Press.
Porter, M.E. (1996). What is strategy? Harvard Business Review November/ December, 61–78.
Rostow, W. W. 1960. The Stages of Economic Growth. Cambridge: University Press
Sanaz Vatankhah, Mansour Zarra-Nezhadb,∗ , Ghanbar Amirnejad (2019), Tackling the fuzziness of business model concept: A study in the airline industry, Tourism Management,134-143
Schofield, A., 2015. Long Game - Asia's widebody LCCs look to translate potential into profit. Aviat Week Space Technol. 2, 46–52 MRO Edition.
Urban, M., (2018) Airline categorisation by applying the business model canvas and clustering algorithms Journal of Air Transport Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.04.005/1,2,3
Wensveen, J.G., 2007. Air Transportation - a Management Perspective, sixth ed. Ashgate Burlington.
Yusuf Sengur A. Ferhan Kuyucak Sengur(2017)/ World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2017/ 141
www.icao.int(2020)
)