مروری بر تاریخچهٔ بلاک‌چین و رمزارزها در تجارت الکترونیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
دانشجوی کارشناسی مدیریت مالی ،واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.
10.22034/jmek.2024.148629
چکیده
در پی بحران مالی و بی‌اعتمادی به نهادهای مرکزی، بازارهای مالی جهان با پدیده نوینی به نام ارزهای مجازی و رمز ارزها مواجه شدند که تحولات شگرفی را در تجارت الکترونیک رقم زدند. ارز دیجیتال، شکل خاصی از پول دیجیتال است که بر پایه علم رمزنگاری و بدون نیاز به واسطه‌های بانکی متمرکز، امکان مبادلات جهانی را فراهم می‌کند. این رمز ارزها در بستر فناوری نوین و غیرمتمرکزی به نام بلاک چین تولید و مدیریت می‌شوند. بلاک چین به عنوان یک دفتر کل توزیع‌شده و تغییرناپذیر، انقلابی در نحوه تعاملات تجاری، شفافیت و امنیت داده‌ها ایجاد کرده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، بررسی تحلیلی چگونگی شکل‌گیری رمز ارزها و بلاک چین، ارزیابی مزایا، معایب و کارکردهای آن‌ها در اکوسیستم دیجیتال است. روش پژوهش حاضر، توصیفی-تحلیلی و مبتنی بر مرور نظام‌مند پیشینه و مبانی نظری فناوری بلاک چین، مکانیزم‌های اجماع و چالش‌هایی نظیر مصرف انرژی است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که حذف واسطه‌های مالی، کاهش هزینه‌های مبادله، و تضمین امنیت از طریق رمزنگاری، از مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های این فناوری است. همچنین، ظهور بیت‌کوین به عنوان اولین دارایی دیجیتال خالص و توسعه پلتفرم‌هایی نظیر اتریوم برای قراردادهای هوشمند، افق‌های جدیدی را پیش روی اقتصاد دیجیتال قرار داده است. در نهایت، این مقاله بیان می‌کند که علیرغم چالش‌های فنی و زیست‌محیطی، بلاک چین و رمز ارزها به عنوان ستون فقرات نسل آینده تجارت الکترونیک، مسیر پذیرش گسترده را طی خواهند کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Review of the Historical Development of Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies in Electronic Commerce

نویسندگان English

Mehran Bahram Arjavand
Yegane Kharat
Ali Kalantari
Fatemeh Kamalinezhad
Bachelor's student in Financial Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
چکیده English

Following the financial crisis and widespread distrust in central institutions, global financial markets witnessed the emergence of a novel phenomenon: cryptocurrencies. Digital currencies, fundamentally rooted in the science of cryptography, operate without central banking intermediaries, thereby enabling seamless global transactions. These digital assets are generated and managed on a decentralized technological framework known as blockchain. Blockchain, functioning as an immutable and transparent distributed ledger, has revolutionized e-commerce by enhancing security, transparency, and trust in digital interactions. This study aims to analytically review the historical evolution of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, comprehensively evaluating their underlying mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages, and practical applications within the modern digital ecosystem. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical method based on a systematic review of existing literature, the research examines consensus mechanisms, cryptographic security protocols, and associated challenges such as high energy consumption. Findings indicate that eliminating financial intermediaries, significantly reducing transaction costs, and ensuring absolute data integrity through advanced cryptography are the most significant features of this technology. Furthermore, the advent of Bitcoin as the first pure digital asset, alongside the development of advanced platforms like Ethereum for executing smart contracts, has opened unprecedented horizons for the digital economy. Ultimately, despite existing technical and environmental challenges, blockchain and cryptocurrencies are poised to become the fundamental backbone of next-generation e-commerce, paving the way for widespread global adoption and decentralized digital commerce.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Digital Currency
Blockchain
Bitcoin
Decentralization
Security
E-commerce
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  • تاریخ دریافت 22 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 03 شهریور 1401